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Fortune smiled on the company of Lewis and Clark as they traveled through the area around Dillon looking for a way west. Lewis & Clark trail sites near Dillon include Camp Fortunate and Clark's Lookout. Camp Fortunate Overlook is one of the more significant spots along the Lewis and Clark Trail. It was at Camp Fortunate that the Lewis and Clark expedition met the Limhi Shoshoni Tribe and cached their canoes and a stash of supplies for the return trip. Clark’s Lookout is an outcropping above the Beaverhead River provided the Lewis and Clark Expedition a view of the route ahead.

Dillon is the seat of Beaverhead County, Montana's largest county. Dillon began as an important shipping point from Utah to the gold fields of Montana. The Utah and Northern Railroad reached Dillon in the fall of 1880, but the town was named for the president of the Union Pacific Railroad, Sidney V. Dillon. Sheep were introduced to the rich agricultural valley in 1869. At one time Dillon was the largest wool shipping point in Montana. The first cattle were brought to the valley in 1865 and they, too, have played a major role in Dillon's development. The area was central to early Montana mining camps and settlements.

Bannack State Park is located a few miles southwest of Dillon. It is a registered historic landmark and the site of Montana's first major gold discovery on July 28, 1862. This strike set off a massive gold rush that swelled Bannack's population to over 3,000 by 1863. As the value of gold steadily dwindled, Bannack's bustling population was slowly snuffed out. There are over 50 buildings that line Main Street with their historic log and frame structures that recall Montana's formative years.

There are several museums in Dillon devoted to preserving local history. Beaverhead County Museum in Dillon contains exhibits that include early mining and ranching exhibits, Indian artifacts and natural history. The Seidensticker Wildlife Collection is a featured exhibit at the gallery on the campus of University of Montana-Western, which was once Montana Normal College, established in Dillon in 1892. Dillon also has a Historical Walking Tour showcasing the architecture of Dillon’s homes and public buildings that date back to the gold rush era.

With mountain backdrops in all directions, Dillon is situated in a sweeping valley into which the Ruby, Big Hole and Beaverhead rivers drain. Beaverhead River is a blue-ribbon trout stream that's a favorite for expert fly fishermen flows right through Dillon. Rockhounding and picnicking at Crystal Park is a unique recreation experience at an elevation of 7,800 feet in the Pioneer Mountains in southwest Montana.